THERE ARE STILL WOMEN’S JOBS AND MEN’S JOBS

The labour sexual division remains even technological inovation has been introduced, questionning social science explanations. The discrimination between male and female labor is nowadays based on required knowledge for qualification. The social construction lies on discussion that to be female is a negative point in work qualification. There are studies where there is a hard oposition to women employees as tram driver and well as in the technical qualified work. It would be a contribution to reflection on both male and female work place. The atitude against “female invasion” is an attempt to defend work space either individual or colective one.

Job segregation— the tendency for men and women to work in different occupations—is often cited as the reason that women's wages lag men's. But this begs the question: What is it about women's job that causes them to pay less? One can argue that emotional labour offers the missing link in the explanation. Tasks that require the emotive work thought natural for women, such as caring, negotiating, empathizing,smoothing troubled relationships, and working behind the scenes to enable cooperation, are required components of many women's jobs. Excluded from job descriptions and performance evaluations, the work is invisible and uncompensated.

WHY ARE WOMEN DISCRIMINATED AT WORK? SOME EMPLOYERS “CLAIM” THE FOLLOWING REASONS

Much of the discrimination that women experience takes place in the workplace. Most employers consider that you are a woman in hiring, firing, or promoting you or in deciding how much you get paid.

Pregnancy discrimination: Since only women become pregnant, you cannot be forced to leave your job because you are pregnant if you can still do the work. You are also entitled, if you can still do the work, to the same sick pay or disability that any other employee would be paid for any other medical absence.

Disability: A disability (physical or mental) that does not affect your job performance may not be used against you.

Family leave: women are often called to take care of their ill children.

AIDS: AIDS and some other contagious diseases are considered disabilities.

Tree types of Jobs

Part-times – in a part-time Job you are less paid than in a full-time one. You work less hours and have no social or health guarantees.

Full- times- A permanent full-time job usually has benefits, while temporary full-time jobs usually do not have benefits. Full-time jobs are often considered careers. They usually pay more than part-time jobs, and always carry more hours per week.

Flexi-time- is a variable work schedule, in contrast to traditional work arrangements requiring employees to work a standard 9am to 5pm day. Under flextime, there is typically a core period of the day when employees are expected to be at work,while the rest of the working day is "flexitime", in which employees can choose when they work, subject to achieving total daily, weekly or monthly hours in the region of what the employer expects, and subject to the necessary work being done.

UNEMPLOYMENT

It occurs when a person is available to work and seeking work but currently without work. The prevalence of unemployment is usually measured using the unemployment rate, which is defined as the percentage of those in the labour force who are unemployed. The unemployment rate is also used in economic studies and economic indexes.

Causes:

1. Lack of skills;


2. Economic conditions of the country or of the company;


3. Mismatch between available workers and positions to be filled;


4. Voluntary unemployment.

Entry into the World of Work

As we students of 11th grade are about to enter the competitive world of work, I put in here some information about the curriculum, which will be necessary for our future jobs =).

What is a curriculum?

It is a summary of our personal data, training, work experience and even at times of non-professionals.

What should contain?

--> Identification (name date of birth, address, phone and e-mail);

--> Education (education level, date of completion, which received average if positive);

--> Vocational Training (diplomas or certificates earned, either in training centers, or in business; field of spoken language and / or writing, as well as knowledge of computers; reference to the license, if you have);

--> Professional Experience (description accurately and summarized the experiences of work, work performed, the tasks performed, their level of responsibility, of companies that worked and the time during which develop these activities);

--> Extra-professional activities (leisure activities, such as cultural activities, trade unions, sports, associations, etc.)..

How to organize a curriculum?

There are two types of curriculums:

1. Chronological Resume:

--> Describe the work experience in chronological order;

--> The experience is sort of starting from the oldest to the most recent has the advantage of making clearer to read, allowing a sequential presentation of the career;

--> The experience is sort of working the most recent to the oldest has the advantage of putting emphasis on more recent experiences, if they consider as more relevant to the job that the candidate.

2. Functional curriculum

--> Groups is the work experience block of activities or similar functions;

--> It is the advantage of being able to highlight the activities most important to the job in question and give less emphasis on the periods were unemployed;

--> Is especially directed to candidates who have very diverse activities.

How to write a curriculum?

When writing a resume follows these rules:

--> Presentation: Should be, preferably, written to a computer, without spelling or grammatical errors in a white sheet, type A4.

--> Size: Shall not exceed 2 to 3 pages

--> Style:

-->Prefer verbs of action, speaking in 1st person and describes clearly and concisely what you can do. Eg "I depart ..."," I produce ... "," I do ... "

-->Use simple words and short phrases. Eg "I have 3 years experience in this area."

-->Avoid paragraphs with more than 5 lines. Forward an idea per paragraph.

--> Numbers: If you use numbers do not write in words. Eg "82" instead of "eighty-two."

--> Dates: It's always the same. Exs. 23-09-2002, 2002-09-23, 23 September 2002.

--> Acronyms: If you use acronyms, then writes its significance. Ex IEFP (Institute of Employment and Vocational Training).

Good Luck with your curriculum ;)

Full Time Work

Definition:

A permanent full-time job usually has benefits (such as health insurance). Full-time jobs are often considered careers. They usually pay more than part-time jobs, and always carry more hours per week. The most common full-time work week in the U.S. is between 32-40 hours. In France it is a government-mandated 35 hours per week. In Germany it is between 35-40 hours per week, and in Denmark it is 37 hours per week. In Australia it is around 35-37 hours per week, and in the U.K., whilst there is no formal definition, it is generally considered to be 35 hours a week or more. A person working more than full-time is working overtime, and that person is receiving extraordinary hours.

People who work in full time usually don't have enough free time to spend with their family. It's the inconvinience of work in full time: people won more money but somentimes don't have the necessary time to spend with the one they care and love.

Volunteer Work

Definition:

The definition of volunteering, according to Portuguese legislation (Act No. 71/98) considers as such "actions of social interest and community carried out by disinterested people, on projects, programs and other forms of assistance to the service of individuals, families and community development non-profit entities public or private ".

Volunteering is an expression of the exercise of citizenship and results in supportive relationship with the next, so free, but framed in an entity promoter, to solve problems that affect society in general or groups social programs. While concrete practice, may take two forms: voluntary direction, which includes the holders of the organs of the non-profit social institutions, and implementation of voluntary, including those who exercise direct support to beneficiaries of these institutions.

Beyond the voluntary human, there is also the voluntary animal. This kind of voluntary targets the welfare of abandoned animals, ensuring they have food and protection.

Help them to help :D